Yes, you can submit an application at any time. However, Sprintax Dividends highly recommends that you wait until your dividend for the current year is paid out before submitting your application with all years. This is because you can only submit one application per residency per year.
For example, if it is January 2025 and you have an application drafted containing your 2022, 2023, and 2024 dividend history for a Swiss company while you were a resident in the US, you should wait until the 2025 dividend is paid out.
You cannot file two separate applications while resident in the USA within the same calendar year.